Arduino Tutorials:Loops in Arduino IDE /C lang
Loops:
Loop statements are statements which can be executed again and again until a given condition is true. There are many types of loops. They are:
- For loop
- While loop
- do while loop
For loop:
There are three statements which we have to initialize for a for loop. They are:
- Initialization: which is executed once at the start of the loop.
- Condition: which is checked everytime before the code inside the loop is executed.
- Incrementation / decrementation : which is done everytime before the code inside the loop is executed.
Example:
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i<3; i++){
Serial.println(i);
}
Here, we initialized a variable i = 0, then we are incrementing i by 1, and we are printing i, till the value of i is less than 3 (i = 2). hence the output of the code will be
0
1
2
While loop:
A while loop is executed till the condition written inside the parenthesis is false.
Example:
int I = 5;
while(I<8){
Serial.println(I);
I++;
}
Here, we initialized a variable I = 5, then we are incrementing i by 1, and we are printing i, till the value of I is less than 8 (i = 7). hence the output of the code will be
5
6
7
Do While loop:
A do while loop is executed till the condition written inside the parenthesis is false.This loop will be executed at least once even if the given condition is false.
Example:
Int I = 12;
do{
Serial.println(I);
I++;
}while(I<15);
Here, we initialized a variable I = 12, then we are incrementing i by 1, and we are printing i, till the value of I is less than 15 (i = 14). hence the output of the code will be
12
13
14
There are two special types of loops which are explained below:
Nested loop:
Anything which is present inside something is called as nested. Similarly, any loop which is present inside a loop is known as nested loop.
Example:
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j<3; j++){
Serial.println(j);
Int I = 5;
while(I<8){
Serial.println(I);
I++;
}
}
Here, we initialized a variable j = 0, then we are incrementing j by 1, and we are printing j, till the value of j is less than 3 (j = 2). Inside every incrementation, we initialized a variable I = 5, then we are incrementing I by 1, and we are printing I, till the value of I is less than 8 (I = 7). hence the output of the code will be
0
5
6
7
1
5
6
7
2
5
6
7
Infinite loop:
An infinite loop will run infinite number of times(because of lack of terminating condition.
Example:
Int I = 1;
while(I<3){
Serial.println(I);
}
Here, the value of I isn’t changing, so the loop will run infinite number of times.
1
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